30 Lithospheric damage, combined with transient mantle flow and migrating proto-subduction, is proposed to explain the apparent emergence of plate tectonics three billion years ago; modelling confirms that tectonic plate boundaries and fully formed tectonic plates can arise under conditions characteristic of Earth but not of Venus.
http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v508/n7497/full/nature13072.html
29 Fossil pollen records indicate that Patagonian desertification was not solely a consequence of Andean uplift.
http://www.nature.com/ncomms/2014/140328/ncomms4558/full/ncomms4558.html
28 Radiographic visualization of magma dynamics in an erupting volcano.
http://www.nature.com/ncomms/2014/140310/ncomms4381/full/ncomms4381.html
27 We lack thermal histories for magma reservoirs, but here the magma under Mount Hood (Oregon, USA) is shown to have been too cold to mobilize for most of the time it has been stored, which implies that magma mobilizes (at which point it can be imaged geophysically) very quickly prior to eruption.
http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v506/n7489/full/nature12991.html
26 Gas injection may have triggered earthquakes in the Cogdell oil field, Texas.
http://www.pnas.org/content/110/47/18786.abstract
25 The structure of oceanic plateaux is unclear, as they are remote and submerged beneath the seas. Seismic images of the Tamu Massif, part of the Shatsky Rise oceanic plateau in the northwestern Pacific Ocean, show that it is a single immense volcano, potentially the largest on Earth.
http://www.nature.com/ngeo/journal/v6/n11/abs/ngeo1934.html
24 Formation of an interconnected network of iron melt at Earth’s lower mantle conditions.
http://www.nature.com/ngeo/journal/v6/n11/abs/ngeo1956.html
23 Natural gold particles in Eucalyptus leaves and their relevance to exploration for buried gold deposits.
http://www.nature.com/ncomms/2013/131022/ncomms3614/full/ncomms3614.html
22 Bottom-up control of geomagnetic secular variation by the Earth’s inner core.
http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v502/n7470/full/nature12574.html
21 Depth of origin of magma in eruptions.
http://www.nature.com/srep/2013/130926/srep02762/full/srep02762.html
20 Natural versus anthropogenic subsidence of Venice.
http://www.nature.com/srep/2013/130926/srep02710/full/srep02710.html
19 A heat-pipe model of Earth, whereby interior heat is brought to the surface through localized channels, yields predictions that agree with craton data and the detrital zircon record, and offers a global geodynamic framework in which to explore Earth’s evolution before the onset of plate tectonics.
http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v501/n7468/full/nature12473.html
18 A large subglacial canyon extends for more than 750 kilometers from central Greenland to its northern margin.
http://www.sciencemag.org/content/341/6149/997.abstract
17 Hillslopes Record the Growth and Decay of Landscapes
http://www.sciencemag.org/content/341/6148/868.abstract
16 Diffusion modelling of nickel in mantle melts beneath a volcano reveals the short timescales of magma movement from the base of the crust to the surface in the months to years before an eruption.
http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v500/n7460/full/nature12342.html
15 Forecasting large aftershocks within one day after the main shock.
http://www.nature.com/srep/2013/130717/srep02218/full/srep02218.html
14 Xenon isotopic analysis shows that ancient pockets of water found in a mine in Timmins, Canada, have survived in the Earth’s crust for at least 1.5 billion years.
http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v497/n7449/full/nature12127.html
13 High-temperature and -pressure experiments simulate the melting behavior of metallic iron in Earth’s core.
http://www.sciencemag.org/content/340/6131/464.abstract
12 Intra-oceanic subduction shaped the assembly of Cordilleran North America.
http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v496/n7443/full/nature12019.html
11 A Precambrian microcontinent in the Indian Ocean.
http://www.nature.com/ngeo/journal/v6/n3/abs/ngeo1736.html
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